-RIB
Signs of rib fractures are :
- Pain in the chest when used for breathing.
- Pain when the broken part is suppressed.
- Axis was also felt pain, A broken rib is painful when pressed from the direction of the spine and sternum (chest).
A broken rib can be harmful to the lungs, because it can be punctured. To be sure, the patient should be taken to the hospital after receiving aid as necessary.
Aid measures :
Rib fractures should be held so as not to move, this can be done using plaster. This method is called “Strapping”. Sometimes difficult to ascertain where the ribs are broken, so strapping applied to the entire rib cage.
How to perform :
- First, chest is cleaned with water or alcohol.
- Once dry, attach the plaster like this; tell the patient to took a deep breath and release again. then, after the breath has gone out, put the plaster. Plaster mounted parallel to the ribs, starting from the vertebrae and into his chest.
- Wear strapping from the lower ribs. Second plaster bandage worn pinned to the first.
When accompanied by coughing up blood, I really recommend to bring patients to hospitals.
-KNEECAP
These are some signs of broken kneecap. Patient can not straighten their leg and felt extremely pain when touched. Even when touched, you will feel the basin the kneecap. If there is bleeding, the swelling will occur quickly. This will make the examination becomes more difficult.
Aid measures :
inhibit swelling by wrapping the top of the knee (not just above the knee, but a few inches above the knee). Use ice packs to reduce pain. Then, with your knees slightly bent, put the splint on the bottom. Below the knee and ankle, give a soft cushion. While waiting for patients to be transported, foot is placed higher than other body parts. This is intended to inhibit inflammation, swelling and reduce pain
-THIGH, CALF AND FEET
Thigh.
Thigh bone also has a pipe bone. Likewise, the signs are no different from a broken forearm bone.
Aid measures for broken thighs :
Wear pair of splint that extends from hip to toe. Splint must be worn before the patient is moved.
Calf.
Calf has two bones, namely the tibia and fibula. Because the place of tibia not so protected, it is more easily broken. Although looks intact, in case of accidents in this section, the risk of fractures should be considered. Accident at the ankles, sometimes can also be accompanied with a broken fibula. Therefore, if your foot sprained, REMEMBER, there is possibility of fractures in the calf or fibula.
Aid measures for broken calves :
With two splint, wear the splints from ankle to a few inches above the knee. The splint board is wrapped with a cloth or blanket to make splint firmly attached. While waiting for patients to be transported, foot is placed higher than other body parts. This is intended to inhibit inflammation, swelling and reduce pain.
Feet.
Feet have short bones. If your feet are hit by very heavy objects, fractures can occur. A motorist who crashed and tried to hold back with his feet, so it can get these fractures. The signs are sometimes difficult to recognize, because accompanied by swelling. However, pain can still be used as a reference to broken feet. When you press on the axis of your foot and it hurt, then there is the possibility of a broken bone in that section.
Aid measures for broken feet :
Give the pressure bandage, and splint put under your feet. On way to hospital, give the cushion on the back heel.
-HIP
Signs of hip fractures are :
Patient felt pain in the pubic or genitalia area when trying to sit or stand. Sometimes, the foot can not move. When accompanied by bladder damage, blood will be flowing with urine.
Aid measures :
do not try to confirm the diagnosis by simply pressing the pain area. Because this would endanger the existing networks within the pelvic cavity. Patients should be taken with a stretcher. With both feet and the knees tied together. Provide soft cushion under the knees and hips and also give cushion which includes the left and right side of the patient. In the installation of cushions, you should not have to tilt the patient. Take immediately patient to the hospital, because these fractures are very dangerous, where only the experts who can handle it.
-VERTEBRAL (SPINE OR BACKBONE)
These fractures can endanger the existing marrowbone in the “ring” of the spine. marrowbone is part of the central nervous system that contains nerve fibers that carry commands from and to the brain. So when the marrowbone is damaged, relationships between organs and the brain will be disconnected. Consequently, there will be paralysis.
Vertebral fractures usually occur because of a hard blow on the spine. There are two signs of vertebral fractures which is not accompanied by damage to the marrowbone. First, pain when the broken part is suppressed, and second, when do a motion. The pain will be felt until the thigh and calf.
if there is damage to the marrowbone, there will be paralysis on the part of the body. Patients can even unconscious and numb.
Aid measures :
Let the patient lie down, and do not change the position. Do not even told to sit. Prepare a strong stretcher, such as those made of wood or board. Carefully, lift the patient to the stretcher. Put a cushion below the waist, to reduce pain and to not move when carried. After that, take it immediately to the hospital. Read also : Vesselplasty, Healing Broken Spine Without Surgery here
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